This electric enclosure has no moving parts to be affected by vibrations.

The NASCAR Sprint Cup championship moved to electronic fuel injection for the control of their engines in February 2012. Part of the mandated electrical system included a relay control box to switch a 12v power supply to the various sensors, actuators and fuel pumps. The relay box contains electro-mechanical devices (relays) and two circuit breakers.

3. Fuel pump relay 22. Power relay

The solenoid valve (4) is under the control of the ECM, as is the relay (2) that provides the electrical power for the air pump (3).

Lambda engine characteristic map
actual lambda, target lambda

CAN 2/FIA ACO Private
CAN Lambda Module (if backup FFM)

sensor example: lambda probe
lambda meters

exhaust probe test stand

air/fuel ratio (lambda)
lambda (excess air ratio)

The lambda sensor works out the correct ratio by determining how much oxygen is still in the exhaust gas and then passes this information on to engine control so that the fuel quantity can be adapted.

To optimise hydrocarbon conversion, the lambda sensor uses a saw-tooth profile for rich/lean peaks.

With the new condensation test stand, engine mechanics now have a tool they can use to precisely determine the
release time for lambda sensing.

A solid ion-conducting ceramic
material, yttrium-doped zirconium dioxide,
also used in lambda oxygen sensors in automotive
applications, is used as the electrolyte in solid electrolyte
fuel cells (SOFC).